Introduction to the internet
The internet spanning over the globe is the largest and the most important network of the world. It is a shared network which is under the government circumstances and other agencies and private organizations from all over the world. It is evolving into the information superhighway of the upcoming future. Thousands of business, educational, and research networks now connect millions of computers and computer user’s to each others.
It has become the only key platform for rapidly expanding information and entertainment services, and business application which includes E-commerce ( Electronic Commerce) and enterprise collaboration.
The internet evolved from ARPANET - a research network established by UN ( United states) defense department in 1969.
The ARPANET was created with a view to enable academic and government researches to communicate by electronic mail ( E-MAIL) and to share data and computing resources.
The internet is not owned by a single authority and it has no headquarter or governing body. The internet society in Reston , USA is one of the volunteer group individuals and corporate members who promote was of the Internet and development of its new communication standards.
The internet is expanding very fast. At present the internet is doubling in size each year, growing to over 150 million host computers and over 800 million users. The monthly growth rate of the internet was about 10% and some network experts except that the Internet will interconnect millions of networks in the future.
Some terminologies:
INTERNETWORK: Many LAN’s are connected to each other through wide area networks. These networks are generally called internet works.
REPEARTES: This is also known as relays connect segments of a network and since signals get weaker amd less distinct with distance, these small devices refresh and enhance them before sending them along.
BRIDGES: Bridges are also known as data link relays, which connect segments of local area networks.
ROUTERS: Routers control movement of massages through networks. The router keeps the addresses of other nodes in a table.
GATEWAYS: Gateways are used to connect different types of networks .
HUBS: A hub is a switching processor . Hubs provide automatic switching among connections called ports for shared access to a network’s resources.
FIREWALL: The metal between an automobile’s passenger are and engine compartment is called a firewall because it is designed to prevent an engine fire from spreading into the passenger compartment
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